Standard Mandarin, or Standard Chinese, is the official modern Chinese spoken language used in mainland China and Taiwan, and is one of the four official languages of Singapore.
The phonology of Standard Mandarin is based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin, a large and diverse group of Chinese dialects spoken across northern and southwestern China. The vocabulary is largely drawn from this group of dialects. The grammar is standardized to the body of modern literary works written in Vernacular Chinese, which in practice follows the same tradition of the Mandarin dialects with some notable exceptions. As a result, Standard Mandarin itself is usually just called "Mandarin" in non-academic, everyday usage. However, linguists use "Mandarin" to refer to the entire language. This convention will be adopted in the rest of this article.
English isn't common at all there. In most countries, the people servicing the tourism industry (ie hotel clerks, etc) can all speak English. It isn't common even in that industry in China.
BTW, the other poster is completely wrong. While there is an awful lot of outsourcing of manufacturing jobs to China, there are virtually no telemarketing jobs there. I think he is confusing China and India -- where quite a few call centers are located.
India was a British colony until 1947 so quite a few people learned to speak English and it is still commonly taught and spoken there.
China isolated itself from the outside world until the 1970s so there was little reason for schoolchildren to learn English.
Also I'd note that unlike French or Spanish, Mandarin Chinese contains no common ancestry with English. You don't find words that remind you of similar English words like biblioteca and bibliography. They don't even share an alphabet.
Shanghai is an international cosmopolitan city...so it would be a lot easier than the rest of China, but China is one of the most difficult places for an English speaker to adjust to.
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http://www.visitchn.com/travel